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update to pcre 7.9

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git-svn-id: http://svn.freeswitch.org/svn/freeswitch/trunk@13706 d0543943-73ff-0310-b7d9-9358b9ac24b2
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Michael Jerris
2009-06-08 23:51:30 +00:00
parent a1e5add731
commit f7efdaa901
178 changed files with 43560 additions and 11382 deletions
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@@ -15,14 +15,17 @@ man page, in case the conversion went wrong.
<ul>
<li><a name="TOC1" href="#SEC1">SYNOPSIS</a>
<li><a name="TOC2" href="#SEC2">DESCRIPTION</a>
<li><a name="TOC3" href="#SEC3">OPTIONS</a>
<li><a name="TOC4" href="#SEC4">ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</a>
<li><a name="TOC5" href="#SEC5">NEWLINES</a>
<li><a name="TOC6" href="#SEC6">OPTIONS COMPATIBILITY</a>
<li><a name="TOC7" href="#SEC7">OPTIONS WITH DATA</a>
<li><a name="TOC8" href="#SEC8">MATCHING ERRORS</a>
<li><a name="TOC9" href="#SEC9">DIAGNOSTICS</a>
<li><a name="TOC10" href="#SEC10">AUTHOR</a>
<li><a name="TOC3" href="#SEC3">SUPPORT FOR COMPRESSED FILES</a>
<li><a name="TOC4" href="#SEC4">OPTIONS</a>
<li><a name="TOC5" href="#SEC5">ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</a>
<li><a name="TOC6" href="#SEC6">NEWLINES</a>
<li><a name="TOC7" href="#SEC7">OPTIONS COMPATIBILITY</a>
<li><a name="TOC8" href="#SEC8">OPTIONS WITH DATA</a>
<li><a name="TOC9" href="#SEC9">MATCHING ERRORS</a>
<li><a name="TOC10" href="#SEC10">DIAGNOSTICS</a>
<li><a name="TOC11" href="#SEC11">SEE ALSO</a>
<li><a name="TOC12" href="#SEC12">AUTHOR</a>
<li><a name="TOC13" href="#SEC13">REVISION</a>
</ul>
<br><a name="SEC1" href="#TOC1">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<P>
@@ -33,9 +36,9 @@ man page, in case the conversion went wrong.
<b>pcregrep</b> searches files for character patterns, in the same way as other
grep commands do, but it uses the PCRE regular expression library to support
patterns that are compatible with the regular expressions of Perl 5. See
<a href="pcrepattern.html"><b>pcrepattern</b></a>
for a full description of syntax and semantics of the regular expressions that
PCRE supports.
<a href="pcrepattern.html"><b>pcrepattern</b>(3)</a>
for a full description of syntax and semantics of the regular expressions
that PCRE supports.
</P>
<P>
Patterns, whether supplied on the command line or in a separate file, are given
@@ -45,9 +48,9 @@ without delimiters. For example:
</pre>
If you attempt to use delimiters (for example, by surrounding a pattern with
slashes, as is common in Perl scripts), they are interpreted as part of the
pattern. Quotes can of course be used on the command line because they are
interpreted by the shell, and indeed they are required if a pattern contains
white space or shell metacharacters.
pattern. Quotes can of course be used to delimit patterns on the command line
because they are interpreted by the shell, and indeed they are required if a
pattern contains white space or shell metacharacters.
</P>
<P>
The first argument that follows any option settings is treated as the single
@@ -63,23 +66,58 @@ For example:
<pre>
pcregrep some-pattern /file1 - /file3
</pre>
By default, each line that matches the pattern is copied to the standard
By default, each line that matches a pattern is copied to the standard
output, and if there is more than one file, the file name is output at the
start of each line. However, there are options that can change how
<b>pcregrep</b> behaves. In particular, the <b>-M</b> option makes it possible to
search for patterns that span line boundaries. What defines a line boundary is
controlled by the <b>-N</b> (<b>--newline</b>) option.
start of each line, followed by a colon. However, there are options that can
change how <b>pcregrep</b> behaves. In particular, the <b>-M</b> option makes it
possible to search for patterns that span line boundaries. What defines a line
boundary is controlled by the <b>-N</b> (<b>--newline</b>) option.
</P>
<P>
Patterns are limited to 8K or BUFSIZ characters, whichever is the greater.
BUFSIZ is defined in <b>&#60;stdio.h&#62;</b>.
BUFSIZ is defined in <b>&#60;stdio.h&#62;</b>. When there is more than one pattern
(specified by the use of <b>-e</b> and/or <b>-f</b>), each pattern is applied to
each line in the order in which they are defined, except that all the <b>-e</b>
patterns are tried before the <b>-f</b> patterns.
</P>
<P>
By default, as soon as one pattern matches (or fails to match when <b>-v</b> is
used), no further patterns are considered. However, if <b>--colour</b> (or
<b>--color</b>) is used to colour the matching substrings, or if
<b>--only-matching</b>, <b>--file-offsets</b>, or <b>--line-offsets</b> is used to
output only the part of the line that matched (either shown literally, or as an
offset), scanning resumes immediately following the match, so that further
matches on the same line can be found. If there are multiple patterns, they are
all tried on the remainder of the line, but patterns that follow the one that
matched are not tried on the earlier part of the line.
</P>
<P>
This is the same behaviour as GNU grep, but it does mean that the order in
which multiple patterns are specified can affect the output when one of the
above options is used.
</P>
<P>
Patterns that can match an empty string are accepted, but empty string
matches are not recognized. An example is the pattern "(super)?(man)?", in
which all components are optional. This pattern finds all occurrences of both
"super" and "man"; the output differs from matching with "super|man" when only
the matching substrings are being shown.
</P>
<P>
If the <b>LC_ALL</b> or <b>LC_CTYPE</b> environment variable is set,
<b>pcregrep</b> uses the value to set a locale when calling the PCRE library.
The <b>--locale</b> option can be used to override this.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC3" href="#TOC1">OPTIONS</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC3" href="#TOC1">SUPPORT FOR COMPRESSED FILES</a><br>
<P>
It is possible to compile <b>pcregrep</b> so that it uses <b>libz</b> or
<b>libbz2</b> to read files whose names end in <b>.gz</b> or <b>.bz2</b>,
respectively. You can find out whether your binary has support for one or both
of these file types by running it with the <b>--help</b> option. If the
appropriate support is not present, files are treated as plain text. The
standard input is always so treated.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC4" href="#TOC1">OPTIONS</a><br>
<P>
<b>--</b>
This terminate the list of options. It is useful if the next item on the
@@ -124,16 +162,21 @@ equals sign.
</P>
<P>
<b>--colour=</b><i>value</i>, <b>--color=</b><i>value</i>
This option specifies under what circumstances the part of a line that matched
a pattern should be coloured in the output. The value may be "never" (the
default), "always", or "auto". In the latter case, colouring happens only if
the standard output is connected to a terminal. The colour can be specified by
setting the environment variable PCREGREP_COLOUR or PCREGREP_COLOR. The value
of this variable should be a string of two numbers, separated by a semicolon.
They are copied directly into the control string for setting colour on a
terminal, so it is your responsibility to ensure that they make sense. If
neither of the environment variables is set, the default is "1;31", which gives
red.
This option specifies under what circumstances the parts of a line that matched
a pattern should be coloured in the output. By default, the output is not
coloured. The value (which is optional, see above) may be "never", "always", or
"auto". In the latter case, colouring happens only if the standard output is
connected to a terminal. More resources are used when colouring is enabled,
because <b>pcregrep</b> has to search for all possible matches in a line, not
just one, in order to colour them all.
</P>
<P>
The colour that is used can be specified by setting the environment variable
PCREGREP_COLOUR or PCREGREP_COLOR. The value of this variable should be a
string of two numbers, separated by a semicolon. They are copied directly into
the control string for setting colour on a terminal, so it is your
responsibility to ensure that they make sense. If neither of the environment
variables is set, the default is "1;31", which gives red.
</P>
<P>
<b>-D</b> <i>action</i>, <b>--devices=</b><i>action</i>
@@ -150,30 +193,43 @@ are read as if they were ordinary files. In some operating systems the effect
of reading a directory like this is an immediate end-of-file.
</P>
<P>
<b>-e</b> <i>pattern</i>, <b>--regex=</b><i>pattern</i>,
<b>--regexp=</b><i>pattern</i> Specify a pattern to be matched. This option can
be used multiple times in order to specify several patterns. It can also be
used as a way of specifying a single pattern that starts with a hyphen. When
<b>-e</b> is used, no argument pattern is taken from the command line; all
arguments are treated as file names. There is an overall maximum of 100
patterns. They are applied to each line in the order in which they are defined
until one matches (or fails to match if <b>-v</b> is used). If <b>-f</b> is used
with <b>-e</b>, the command line patterns are matched first, followed by the
patterns from the file, independent of the order in which these options are
specified. Note that multiple use of <b>-e</b> is not the same as a single
pattern with alternatives. For example, X|Y finds the first character in a line
that is X or Y, whereas if the two patterns are given separately,
<b>pcregrep</b> finds X if it is present, even if it follows Y in the line. It
finds Y only if there is no X in the line. This really matters only if you are
using <b>-o</b> to show the portion of the line that matched.
<b>-e</b> <i>pattern</i>, <b>--regex=</b><i>pattern</i>, <b>--regexp=</b><i>pattern</i>
Specify a pattern to be matched. This option can be used multiple times in
order to specify several patterns. It can also be used as a way of specifying a
single pattern that starts with a hyphen. When <b>-e</b> is used, no argument
pattern is taken from the command line; all arguments are treated as file
names. There is an overall maximum of 100 patterns. They are applied to each
line in the order in which they are defined until one matches (or fails to
match if <b>-v</b> is used). If <b>-f</b> is used with <b>-e</b>, the command line
patterns are matched first, followed by the patterns from the file, independent
of the order in which these options are specified. Note that multiple use of
<b>-e</b> is not the same as a single pattern with alternatives. For example,
X|Y finds the first character in a line that is X or Y, whereas if the two
patterns are given separately, <b>pcregrep</b> finds X if it is present, even if
it follows Y in the line. It finds Y only if there is no X in the line. This
really matters only if you are using <b>-o</b> to show the part(s) of the line
that matched.
</P>
<P>
<b>--exclude</b>=<i>pattern</i>
When <b>pcregrep</b> is searching the files in a directory as a consequence of
the <b>-r</b> (recursive search) option, any files whose names match the pattern
are excluded. The pattern is a PCRE regular expression. If a file name matches
both <b>--include</b> and <b>--exclude</b>, it is excluded. There is no short
form for this option.
the <b>-r</b> (recursive search) option, any regular files whose names match the
pattern are excluded. Subdirectories are not excluded by this option; they are
searched recursively, subject to the <b>--exclude_dir</b> and
<b>--include_dir</b> options. The pattern is a PCRE regular expression, and is
matched against the final component of the file name (not the entire path). If
a file name matches both <b>--include</b> and <b>--exclude</b>, it is excluded.
There is no short form for this option.
</P>
<P>
<b>--exclude_dir</b>=<i>pattern</i>
When <b>pcregrep</b> is searching the contents of a directory as a consequence
of the <b>-r</b> (recursive search) option, any subdirectories whose names match
the pattern are excluded. (Note that the \fP--exclude\fP option does not affect
subdirectories.) The pattern is a PCRE regular expression, and is matched
against the final component of the name (not the entire path). If a
subdirectory name matches both <b>--include_dir</b> and <b>--exclude_dir</b>, it
is excluded. There is no short form for this option.
</P>
<P>
<b>-F</b>, <b>--fixed-strings</b>
@@ -193,27 +249,37 @@ present; they are tested before the file's patterns. However, no other pattern
is taken from the command line; all arguments are treated as file names. There
is an overall maximum of 100 patterns. Trailing white space is removed from
each line, and blank lines are ignored. An empty file contains no patterns and
therefore matches nothing.
therefore matches nothing. See also the comments about multiple patterns versus
a single pattern with alternatives in the description of <b>-e</b> above.
</P>
<P>
<b>--file-offsets</b>
Instead of showing lines or parts of lines that match, show each match as an
offset from the start of the file and a length, separated by a comma. In this
mode, no context is shown. That is, the <b>-A</b>, <b>-B</b>, and <b>-C</b>
options are ignored. If there is more than one match in a line, each of them is
shown separately. This option is mutually exclusive with <b>--line-offsets</b>
and <b>--only-matching</b>.
</P>
<P>
<b>-H</b>, <b>--with-filename</b>
Force the inclusion of the filename at the start of output lines when searching
a single file. By default, the filename is not shown in this case. For matching
lines, the filename is followed by a colon and a space; for context lines, a
hyphen separator is used. If a line number is also being output, it follows the
file name without a space.
lines, the filename is followed by a colon; for context lines, a hyphen
separator is used. If a line number is also being output, it follows the file
name.
</P>
<P>
<b>-h</b>, <b>--no-filename</b>
Suppress the output filenames when searching multiple files. By default,
filenames are shown when multiple files are searched. For matching lines, the
filename is followed by a colon and a space; for context lines, a hyphen
separator is used. If a line number is also being output, it follows the file
name without a space.
filename is followed by a colon; for context lines, a hyphen separator is used.
If a line number is also being output, it follows the file name.
</P>
<P>
<b>--help</b>
Output a brief help message and exit.
Output a help message, giving brief details of the command options and file
type support, and then exit.
</P>
<P>
<b>-i</b>, <b>--ignore-case</b>
@@ -222,10 +288,23 @@ Ignore upper/lower case distinctions during comparisons.
<P>
<b>--include</b>=<i>pattern</i>
When <b>pcregrep</b> is searching the files in a directory as a consequence of
the <b>-r</b> (recursive search) option, only those files whose names match the
pattern are included. The pattern is a PCRE regular expression. If a file name
matches both <b>--include</b> and <b>--exclude</b>, it is excluded. There is no
short form for this option.
the <b>-r</b> (recursive search) option, only those regular files whose names
match the pattern are included. Subdirectories are always included and searched
recursively, subject to the \fP--include_dir\fP and <b>--exclude_dir</b>
options. The pattern is a PCRE regular expression, and is matched against the
final component of the file name (not the entire path). If a file name matches
both <b>--include</b> and <b>--exclude</b>, it is excluded. There is no short
form for this option.
</P>
<P>
<b>--include_dir</b>=<i>pattern</i>
When <b>pcregrep</b> is searching the contents of a directory as a consequence
of the <b>-r</b> (recursive search) option, only those subdirectories whose
names match the pattern are included. (Note that the <b>--include</b> option
does not affect subdirectories.) The pattern is a PCRE regular expression, and
is matched against the final component of the name (not the entire path). If a
subdirectory name matches both <b>--include_dir</b> and <b>--exclude_dir</b>, it
is excluded. There is no short form for this option.
</P>
<P>
<b>-L</b>, <b>--files-without-match</b>
@@ -247,6 +326,16 @@ are being output. If not supplied, "(standard input)" is used. There is no
short form for this option.
</P>
<P>
<b>--line-offsets</b>
Instead of showing lines or parts of lines that match, show each match as a
line number, the offset from the start of the line, and a length. The line
number is terminated by a colon (as usual; see the <b>-n</b> option), and the
offset and length are separated by a comma. In this mode, no context is shown.
That is, the <b>-A</b>, <b>-B</b>, and <b>-C</b> options are ignored. If there is
more than one match in a line, each of them is shown separately. This option is
mutually exclusive with <b>--file-offsets</b> and <b>--only-matching</b>.
</P>
<P>
<b>--locale</b>=<i>locale-name</i>
This option specifies a locale to be used for pattern matching. It overrides
the value in the <b>LC_ALL</b> or <b>LC_CTYPE</b> environment variables. If no
@@ -268,28 +357,41 @@ are guaranteed to be available for lookbehind assertions.
</P>
<P>
<b>-N</b> <i>newline-type</i>, <b>--newline=</b><i>newline-type</i>
The PCRE library supports three different character sequences for indicating
The PCRE library supports five different conventions for indicating
the ends of lines. They are the single-character sequences CR (carriage return)
and LF (linefeed), and the two-character sequence CR, LF. When the library is
built, a default line-ending sequence is specified. This is normally the
standard sequence for the operating system. Unless otherwise specified by this
option, <b>pcregrep</b> uses the default. The possible values for this option
are CR, LF, or CRLF. This makes it possible to use <b>pcregrep</b> on files that
have come from other environments without having to modify their line endings.
If the data that is being scanned does not agree with the convention set by
this option, <b>pcregrep</b> may behave in strange ways.
and LF (linefeed), the two-character sequence CRLF, an "anycrlf" convention,
which recognizes any of the preceding three types, and an "any" convention, in
which any Unicode line ending sequence is assumed to end a line. The Unicode
sequences are the three just mentioned, plus VT (vertical tab, U+000B), FF
(formfeed, U+000C), NEL (next line, U+0085), LS (line separator, U+2028), and
PS (paragraph separator, U+2029).
<br>
<br>
When the PCRE library is built, a default line-ending sequence is specified.
This is normally the standard sequence for the operating system. Unless
otherwise specified by this option, <b>pcregrep</b> uses the library's default.
The possible values for this option are CR, LF, CRLF, ANYCRLF, or ANY. This
makes it possible to use <b>pcregrep</b> on files that have come from other
environments without having to modify their line endings. If the data that is
being scanned does not agree with the convention set by this option,
<b>pcregrep</b> may behave in strange ways.
</P>
<P>
<b>-n</b>, <b>--line-number</b>
Precede each output line by its line number in the file, followed by a colon
and a space for matching lines or a hyphen and a space for context lines. If
the filename is also being output, it precedes the line number.
for matching lines or a hyphen for context lines. If the filename is also being
output, it precedes the line number. This option is forced if
<b>--line-offsets</b> is used.
</P>
<P>
<b>-o</b>, <b>--only-matching</b>
Show only the part of the line that matched a pattern. In this mode, no
context is shown. That is, the <b>-A</b>, <b>-B</b>, and <b>-C</b> options are
ignored.
ignored. If there is more than one match in a line, each of them is shown
separately. If <b>-o</b> is combined with <b>-v</b> (invert the sense of the
match to find non-matching lines), no output is generated, but the return code
is set appropriately. This option is mutually exclusive with
<b>--file-offsets</b> and <b>--line-offsets</b>.
</P>
<P>
<b>-q</b>, <b>--quiet</b>
@@ -332,20 +434,20 @@ Force the patterns to match only whole words. This is equivalent to having \b
at the start and end of the pattern.
</P>
<P>
<b>-x</b>, <b>--line-regex</b>, \fP--line-regexp\fP
<b>-x</b>, <b>--line-regex</b>, <b>--line-regexp</b>
Force the patterns to be anchored (each must start matching at the beginning of
a line) and in addition, require them to match entire lines. This is
equivalent to having ^ and $ characters at the start and end of each
alternative branch in every pattern.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC4" href="#TOC1">ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC5" href="#TOC1">ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</a><br>
<P>
The environment variables <b>LC_ALL</b> and <b>LC_CTYPE</b> are examined, in that
order, for a locale. The first one that is set is used. This can be overridden
by the <b>--locale</b> option. If no locale is set, the PCRE library's default
(usually the "C" locale) is used.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC5" href="#TOC1">NEWLINES</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC6" href="#TOC1">NEWLINES</a><br>
<P>
The <b>-N</b> (<b>--newline</b>) option allows <b>pcregrep</b> to scan files with
different newline conventions from the default. However, the setting of this
@@ -354,7 +456,7 @@ the standard error and output streams. It uses the string "\n" in C
<b>printf()</b> calls to indicate newlines, relying on the C I/O library to
convert this to an appropriate sequence if the output is sent to a file.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC6" href="#TOC1">OPTIONS COMPATIBILITY</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC7" href="#TOC1">OPTIONS COMPATIBILITY</a><br>
<P>
The majority of short and long forms of <b>pcregrep</b>'s options are the same
as in the GNU <b>grep</b> program. Any long option of the form
@@ -362,7 +464,7 @@ as in the GNU <b>grep</b> program. Any long option of the form
(PCRE terminology). However, the <b>--locale</b>, <b>-M</b>, <b>--multiline</b>,
<b>-u</b>, and <b>--utf-8</b> options are specific to <b>pcregrep</b>.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC7" href="#TOC1">OPTIONS WITH DATA</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC8" href="#TOC1">OPTIONS WITH DATA</a><br>
<P>
There are four different ways in which an option with data can be specified.
If a short form option is used, the data may follow immediately, or in the next
@@ -389,7 +491,7 @@ for which the data is optional. If this option does have data, it must be given
in the first form, using an equals character. Otherwise it will be assumed that
it has no data.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC8" href="#TOC1">MATCHING ERRORS</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC9" href="#TOC1">MATCHING ERRORS</a><br>
<P>
It is possible to supply a regular expression that takes a very long time to
fail to match certain lines. Such patterns normally involve nested indefinite
@@ -399,7 +501,7 @@ in these circumstances. If this happens, <b>pcregrep</b> outputs an error
message and the line that caused the problem to the standard error stream. If
there are more than 20 such errors, <b>pcregrep</b> gives up.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC9" href="#TOC1">DIAGNOSTICS</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC10" href="#TOC1">DIAGNOSTICS</a><br>
<P>
Exit status is 0 if any matches were found, 1 if no matches were found, and 2
for syntax errors and non-existent or inacessible files (even if matches were
@@ -407,18 +509,25 @@ found in other files) or too many matching errors. Using the <b>-s</b> option to
suppress error messages about inaccessble files does not affect the return
code.
</P>
<br><a name="SEC10" href="#TOC1">AUTHOR</a><br>
<br><a name="SEC11" href="#TOC1">SEE ALSO</a><br>
<P>
<b>pcrepattern</b>(3), <b>pcretest</b>(1).
</P>
<br><a name="SEC12" href="#TOC1">AUTHOR</a><br>
<P>
Philip Hazel
<br>
University Computing Service
<br>
Cambridge CB2 3QG, England.
</P>
<P>
Last updated: 06 June 2006
Cambridge CB2 3QH, England.
<br>
</P>
<br><a name="SEC13" href="#TOC1">REVISION</a><br>
<P>
Last updated: 01 March 2009
<br>
Copyright &copy; 1997-2009 University of Cambridge.
<br>
Copyright &copy; 1997-2006 University of Cambridge.
<p>
Return to the <a href="index.html">PCRE index page</a>.
</p>